Adult stem cells age during long-term culture in vitro, and neural stem cells (NSC), which can renew themselves and differentiate into neurons and glial cells, also in the show reduces the differentiation potential after repeated passaging. However, the mechanistic details underlying this process remains unclear.
In this study, we found that the long-term in vitro culture of NSCs resulted inflammatory- aging-associated upregulation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related genes, including the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL) 1β and IL6, which senescence- enzyme-linked matrix metallopeptidase 13 (MMP13), and ER stress-responsive transcription factor activating transcription factor 4 (ATF 4 ) and C / EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
However, the induction of cyclic and while the four reprogramming factor (POU domain, class 5, transcription factor 1, also known as octamer < / em> – bind transcription factor 4 ; SRY [sex determination region Y] -box 2; Kruppel – such as factor 4 , and myelocytomatosis oncogene; collectively referred to as OSKM) can inhibit the aging of the NSC, as indicated by a decrease in the expression of genes related to inflammation and ER stress.
We use ROSA- 4 F NSC, which revealed OSKM only one allele, to minimize the potential for full reprogramming or formation of tumors during NSC rejuvenation. We hope that this novel method of rejuvenation will increase the potential of NSCs as a clinical approach to the treatment of neurological diseases. True hermaphroditism with dysgerminomas: A case report ntroduction:
True hermaphroditism is a rare disorder and is usually sporadic.
It is defined by the presence of both ovaries and testes tissue together as ovotestis.Patient concerns: In this study, we report a rare case of true hermaphroditism with dysgerminomas. A 4 9 year old woman developed a mass in the inguinal region for 30 years. Recently three months, patients find that the size of the mass in her left inguinal region increased significantly.
Diagnosis: After surgical resection, the results of immunohistochemistry mass of the left reveals dysgerminomas with positive expression of placental alkaline phosphatase and octamer – bind transcription factor 3 / 4 , and the mass of the right is cryptorchidism a. chromosome analysis revealed a karyotype 4 6, XY. The combined immunohistochemistry and karyotype analysis, the diagnosis of true hermaphroditism with dysgerminomas made.
Intervention: Radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy after resection of the tumor used to improve his prognosis. Hormone replacement therapy with conjugated estrogens and medroxyprogesterone acetate is used to maintain her female characteristics.
Results: Patients undergoing hormone replacement and has been well over 6 months.
 ETHYL VIOLET AZIDE BROTH |
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APT AGAR |
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APT AGAR |
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| A01-101-500g | Alphabiosciences | 500 g | EUR 116 |
 AGAR, BACTERIOLOGICAL |
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| A01-102-10kg | Alphabiosciences | 10 kg | EUR 1684 |
AGAR, BACTERIOLOGICAL |
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| A01-102-2kg | Alphabiosciences | 2kg | EUR 405 |
AGAR, BACTERIOLOGICAL |
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| A01-102-500g | Alphabiosciences | 500 g | EUR 146 |
 AGAR, HIGH GEL |
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| A01-102IHG-10kg | Alphabiosciences | 10 kg | EUR 2219 |
AGAR, HIGH GEL |
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AGAR, HIGH GEL |
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| A01-102IHG-500g | Alphabiosciences | 500 g | EUR 178 |
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| A01-113-10kg | Alphabiosciences | 10 kg | EUR 2532 |
AZIDE BLOOD AGAR BASE |
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| A01-113-2kg | Alphabiosciences | 2kg | EUR 589 |
AZIDE BLOOD AGAR BASE |
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| A01-113-500g | Alphabiosciences | 500 g | EUR 197 |
 AZIDE DEXTROSE BROTH |
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| A01-114-10kg | Alphabiosciences | 10 kg | EUR 868 |
AZIDE DEXTROSE BROTH |
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| A01-114-2Kg | Alphabiosciences | 2 Kg | EUR 228 |
AZIDE DEXTROSE BROTH |
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| A01-114-500g | Alphabiosciences | 500 g | EUR 98 |
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| A01-115-10kg | Alphabiosciences | 10 kg | EUR 2556 |
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| A01-115-2kg | Alphabiosciences | 2kg | EUR 595 |
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| A01-115-500g | Alphabiosciences | 500 g | EUR 198 |
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| A01-116-10kg | Alphabiosciences | 10 kg | EUR 1034 |
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| A01-116-2Kg | Alphabiosciences | 2 Kg | EUR 264 |
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| A01-116-500g | Alphabiosciences | 500 g | EUR 108 |
 AGAROSE 25G-125G -500G |
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AGAROSE 25G-125G -500G |
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| A01-118-500g | Alphabiosciences | 500 g | EUR 494 |
 IL-2 Receptor ?, Human Recombinant |
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| 7100-10 | Biovision | EUR 196 | |
IL-2 Receptor ?, Human Recombinant |
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| 7100-50 | Biovision | EUR 637 | |
 Human CellExp? IL-4 R?, Human Recombinant |
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| 7101-10 | Biovision | EUR 229 | |
Human CellExp? IL-4 R?, Human Recombinant |
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| 7101-50 | Biovision | EUR 881 | |
 Human CellExp? IL-6 R?, Human Recombinant |
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| 7102-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
Human CellExp? IL-6 R?, Human Recombinant |
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| 7102-50 | Biovision | EUR 800 | |
 IL-9, Rat Recombinant |
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| 7103-10 | Biovision | EUR 278 | |
IL-9, Rat Recombinant |
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| 7103-50 | Biovision | EUR 1132 | |
 IL-12p80, Human Recombinant |
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| 7104-10 | Biovision | EUR 392 | |
IL-12p80, Human Recombinant |
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| 7104-50 | Biovision | EUR 1675 | |
 IL-17A, Mouse Recombinant |
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| 7105-10 | Biovision | EUR 196 | |
IL-17A, Mouse Recombinant |
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| 7105-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 IL-17B, Human Recombinant |
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| 7106-10 | Biovision | EUR 196 | |
IL-17B, Human Recombinant |
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| 7106-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 IL-17D, Human Recombinant |
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| 7107-10 | Biovision | EUR 196 | |
IL-17D, Human Recombinant |
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| 7107-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 Human CellExp? IL-34, Human Recombinant |
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| 7108-10 | Biovision | EUR 278 | |
Human CellExp? IL-34, Human Recombinant |
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| 7108-50 | Biovision | EUR 1132 | |
 IL-36RA, Human Recombinant |
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| 7109-10 | Biovision | EUR 196 | |
IL-36RA, Human Recombinant |
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| 7109-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 IL-36?, Human Recombinant |
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| 7110-10 | Biovision | EUR 278 | |
IL-36?, Human Recombinant |
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| 7110-50 | Biovision | EUR 1132 | |
IL-36?, Human Recombinant |
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| 7111-10 | Biovision | EUR 278 | |
IL-36?, Human Recombinant |
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| 7111-50 | Biovision | EUR 1132 | |
 Activin B, Human Recombinant |
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| 7112-10 | Biovision | EUR 479 | |
Activin B, Human Recombinant |
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| 7112-50 | Biovision | EUR 2094 | |
 AITRL, Human Recombinant |
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| 7113-10 | Biovision | EUR 251 | |
AITRL, Human Recombinant |
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| 7113-50 | Biovision | EUR 936 | |
 Amphiregulin, Human Recombinant |
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| 7114-10 | Biovision | EUR 147 | |
Amphiregulin, Human Recombinant |
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| 7114-50 | Biovision | EUR 376 | |
 ANG-1, Human Recombinant |
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| 7115-10 | Biovision | EUR 251 | |
ANG-1, Human Recombinant |
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| 7115-50 | Biovision | EUR 936 | |
 ANG-2, Human Recombinant |
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| 7116-10 | Biovision | EUR 251 | |
ANG-2, Human Recombinant |
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| 7116-50 | Biovision | EUR 936 | |
 APRIL, Human Recombinant |
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| 7117-10 | Biovision | EUR 311 | |
APRIL, Human Recombinant |
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| 7117-50 | Biovision | EUR 1300 | |
 APRIL, Mouse Recombinant |
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| 7118-10 | Biovision | EUR 196 | |
APRIL, Mouse Recombinant |
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| 7118-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 Betacellulin, Murine Recombinant |
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| 7119-10 | Biovision | EUR 196 | |
Betacellulin, Murine Recombinant |
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| 7119-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 Cardiotrophin-1, Murine Recombinant |
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| 7121-10 | Biovision | EUR 278 | |
Cardiotrophin-1, Murine Recombinant |
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| 7121-50 | Biovision | EUR 1132 | |
 sCD100/Semaphorin-4D, Human Recombinant |
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| 7126-10 | Biovision | EUR 251 | |
sCD100/Semaphorin-4D, Human Recombinant |
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| 7126-50 | Biovision | EUR 936 | |
 CTGFL/WISP-2, Human Recombinant |
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| 7129-10 | Biovision | EUR 234 | |
CTGFL/WISP-2, Human Recombinant |
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| 7129-50 | Biovision | EUR 860 | |
 Human CellExp? DKK-1, Human Recombinant |
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| 7132-10 | Biovision | EUR 278 | |
Human CellExp? DKK-1, Human Recombinant |
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| 7132-50 | Biovision | EUR 1132 | |
 Human CellExp? sDLL-1, Human Recombinant |
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| 7133-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
Human CellExp? sDLL-1, Human Recombinant |
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| 7133-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 Human CellExp? sDLL-4, Human Recombinant |
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| 7134-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
Human CellExp? sDLL-4, Human Recombinant |
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| 7134-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 Eotaxin-2/CCL24, murine recombinant |
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| 7137-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
Eotaxin-2/CCL24, murine recombinant |
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| 7137-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 Eotaxin-3/CCL26, human recombinant |
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| 7138-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
Eotaxin-3/CCL26, human recombinant |
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| 7138-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 Human CellExp? Fetuin A/ASHG, Human Recombinant |
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| 7142-10 | Biovision | EUR 153 | |
Human CellExp? Fetuin A/ASHG, Human Recombinant |
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| 7142-50 | Biovision | EUR 381 | |
 Histone H3 Peptide, biotin conjugate |
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| 7143-01 | Biovision | EUR 240 | |
Histone H3 Peptide, biotin conjugate |
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| 7143-1 | Biovision | EUR 1132 | |
 Histone H4 Peptide, tetra-acetylated, biotin conjugate |
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| 7144-01 | Biovision | EUR 240 | |
Histone H4 Peptide, tetra-acetylated, biotin conjugate |
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| 7144-1 | Biovision | EUR 1132 | |
 FGF-5, human recombinant |
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| 7147-10 | Biovision | EUR 142 | |
FGF-5, human recombinant |
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| 7147-50 | Biovision | EUR 359 | |
 FGF-6, human recombinant |
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| 7148-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
FGF-6, human recombinant |
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| 7148-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 FGF-16, human recombinant |
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| 7149-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
FGF-16, human recombinant |
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| 7149-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 FGF-17, human recombinant |
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| 7150-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
FGF-17, human recombinant |
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| 7150-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 FGF-23, human recombinant |
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| 7151-10 | Biovision | EUR 229 | |
FGF-23, human recombinant |
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| 7151-50 | Biovision | EUR 860 | |
 GASP-1, human recombinant |
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| 7152-10 | Biovision | EUR 229 | |
GASP-1, human recombinant |
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| 7152-50 | Biovision | EUR 833 | |
, human recombinant) GCP-2 (CXCL6), human recombinant |
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| 7153-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
GCP-2 (CXCL6), human recombinant |
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| 7153-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 BMP-9/GDF-2, human recombinant |
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| 7154-10 | Biovision | EUR 278 | |
BMP-9/GDF-2, human recombinant |
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| 7154-50 | Biovision | EUR 1132 | |
 BMP-11/GDF-11, human recombinant |
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| 7155-10 | Biovision | EUR 240 | |
BMP-11/GDF-11, human recombinant |
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| 7155-50 | Biovision | EUR 860 | |
 Gremlin-1, human recombinant |
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| 7159-10 | Biovision | EUR 142 | |
Gremlin-1, human recombinant |
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| 7159-50 | Biovision | EUR 359 | |
 ICAM-1, human recombinant |
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| 7161-10 | Biovision | EUR 142 | |
ICAM-1, human recombinant |
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| 7161-50 | Biovision | EUR 359 | |
 IFN-?1, human recombinant |
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| 7162-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
IFN-?1, human recombinant |
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| 7162-50 | Biovision | EUR 735 | |
 IFN-?2, human recombinant |
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| 7163-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
IFN-?2, human recombinant |
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| 7163-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 IGF-BP2, human recombinant |
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| 7165-10 | Biovision | EUR 251 | |
IGF-BP2, human recombinant |
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| 7165-50 | Biovision | EUR 936 | |
 IGF-BP4, human recombinant |
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| 7166-10 | Biovision | EUR 251 | |
IGF-BP4, human recombinant |
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| 7166-50 | Biovision | EUR 936 | |
 IGF-BP7, human recombinant |
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| 7167-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
IGF-BP7, human recombinant |
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| 7167-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 MCP-5/CCL12, murine recombinant |
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| 7168-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
MCP-5/CCL12, murine recombinant |
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| 7168-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 MIP-1?/CCL3, human recombinant |
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| 7173-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
MIP-1?/CCL3, human recombinant |
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| 7173-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 MIP-1?/CCL9/10, murine recombinant |
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| 7174-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
MIP-1?/CCL9/10, murine recombinant |
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| 7174-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 MIP-3/CCL23, human recombinant |
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| 7175-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
MIP-3/CCL23, human recombinant |
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| 7175-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 Nesfatin-1, human recombinant |
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| 7178-10 | Biovision | EUR 137 | |
Nesfatin-1, human recombinant |
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| 7178-50 | Biovision | EUR 272 | |
 Human CellExp? PECAM-1, Human Recombinant |
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| 7184-10 | Biovision | EUR 153 | |
Human CellExp? PECAM-1, Human Recombinant |
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| 7184-50 | Biovision | EUR 381 | |
 PF-4/CXCL4, murine recombinant |
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| 7187-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
PF-4/CXCL4, murine recombinant |
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| 7187-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 R-Spondin-1, human recombinant |
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| 7189-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
R-Spondin-1, human recombinant |
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| 7189-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 R-Spondin-2, human recombinant |
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| 7190-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
R-Spondin-2, human recombinant |
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| 7190-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 R-Spondin-3, human recombinant |
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| 7191-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
R-Spondin-3, human recombinant |
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| 7191-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 Relaxin-2, human recombinant |
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| 7194-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
Relaxin-2, human recombinant |
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| 7194-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 Relaxin-3, human recombinant |
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| 7195-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
Relaxin-3, human recombinant |
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| 7195-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 SDF-1?/CXCL2, rat recombinant |
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| 7199-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
SDF-1?/CXCL2, rat recombinant |
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| 7199-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
SDF-1?/CXCL2, rat recombinant |
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| 7200-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
SDF-1?/CXCL2, rat recombinant |
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| 7200-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 Semaphorin 3A, human recombinant |
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| 7201-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
Semaphorin 3A, human recombinant |
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| 7201-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 sTRAIL Receptor-1/DR4, human recombinant |
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| 7206-10 | Biovision | EUR 153 | |
sTRAIL Receptor-1/DR4, human recombinant |
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| 7206-50 | Biovision | EUR 381 | |
 VAP-1, human recombinant |
|||
| 7210-10 | Biovision | EUR 321 | |
VAP-1, human recombinant |
|||
| 7210-50 | Biovision | EUR 1186 | |
 Human CellExp? VCAM-1, Human Recombinant |
|||
| 7211-10 | Biovision | EUR 142 | |
Human CellExp? VCAM-1, Human Recombinant |
|||
| 7211-50 | Biovision | EUR 381 | |
 TAFA-2, human recombinant |
|||
| 7213-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
TAFA-2, human recombinant |
|||
| 7213-50 | Biovision | EUR 675 | |
 Thymosin-?4, human recombinant |
|||
| 7216-10 | Biovision | EUR 131 | |
Thymosin-?4, human recombinant |
|||
| 7216-50 | Biovision | EUR 272 | |
 TL-1A, human recombinant |
|||
| 7219-10 | Biovision | EUR 207 | |
Conclusion: Expressions positive of placental alkaline phosphatase and octamer – bind transcription factor 3 / 4 can 2 marker dysgerminomas diagnosis. Surgery combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy could improve the prognosis dysgerminomas. In addition, hormone replacement therapy with conjugated estrogens and medroxyprogesterone acetate greatly help to maintain female characteristics of patients with true hermaphroditism
