Papillary Thyroid Cancer Tumor Spheres Cultured by Passaging Without Sorting Exhibit Cancer Stemness
by Alyssa
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Objective: The cancer stem-like cells (CSC) CSC markers and the role derived from papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in the pathogenesis is unclear. This study aims to determine the nature of CSC using a ball tumor cells passaged but without sorting PTC CSC.
Materials and Methods: To identify the properties of CSC derived from PTC, the expression of SRY-box transcription factor 2 (Sox2), octamer – bind transcription factor 4 (OCT 4 ), Nanog homeobox (NANOG), thyroglobulin (TG), thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), E-cadherin, YES-related protein 1 (YAP1), and signal transducer and activator transcription < / em> 3 (STAT3) was investigated in the field of serial tumor passaged without sorting CSC.
Results: Ball cultured tumor had cancer stemness; High expression of October 4 , Sox2, NANOG, and YAP1; Low expression of E-cadherin; and varied expression of TG, TSHR, and STAT3. PTC tumors ball transfected with small interfering RNA targeting YAP1 possess less of the ball CSC non-transfected tumors are doing.
Conclusions: Tumor sphere cells derived from PTC by passaging without sorting CSC has more stem cell-like properties, and less differentiation potential. Thus, a simple and cost-effective method can be used for enrichment PTC stemness to work in cell-based models, reducing the need for the use of animal models. Impact OCT4 and Its Related Signaling Pathways in Cancer Gastrointestinal: Focused on Targeted Therapies There are many pieces of evidence support the effects of cancer stem cells in the initiation and progression of cancer.
Papillary Thyroid Cancer Tumor Spheres Cultured by Passaging Without Sorting Exhibit Cancer Stemness
However, the related mechanisms involved in this phenomenon is much more complicated to understand. Stemness different functions factor in the cancer stem cells (CSC) and their complex associations at different levels of cancer have been reported. Therefore, it seems that the focus on a single master factor will be more helpful to solve the puzzle singling pathway in these cells. Octamer – bind transcription factor 4 (OCT 4 ) is also known as POU domain, class 5, transcription factor 1 (POU5F1), one of these pluripotency the factor , has an important role in both embryogenesis and tumorigenesis.
In this review, we collect information about the relationship of different markers to October 4 of expression in the three types of gastrointestinal cancers including esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancers. October 4 via different signaling pathways have an impact on different processes of gastrointestinal cancers such as proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Based on the literature, Oct. 4 have a profound effect on the development of cancer at different stages, therefore we suggest it has potential implications in the choice of therapy.
Although the pharmacological action of cardiovascular Tanshinone IIA (TanIIA) have been extensively studied, research on the role in the regeneration of the heart is still sufficient. This study used H9c2 heart myoblast cell line to evaluate the possibility TanIIA role in cardiac regeneration. It was found that certain concentrations of TanIIA inhibited cell proliferation by suppressing the expression of proteins associated with cell cycle [cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) 4 , CDK6 and cyclin D1] and proliferation [c-Myc, octamer – bind transcription factor 4 (October 4 ) and growing multiply cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)] without inducing apoptosis.
Description: Lin28 Antibody: Lin28 is a transcription factor that was first identified through its key role in the pathway of developmental timing in C. elegans. The role of Lin28 in development suggested that it might be useful in the creation of stem cells that might be beneficial in cell replacement therapies in the treatment of several degenerative diseases. Artificial stem cells, termed induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, can be created by expressing Lin28 in addition to the transcription factors POU5F1, Sox2, and NANOG in mouse fibroblasts. More recently, experiments have demonstrated that iPS cells could be generated using expression plasmids expressing Lin28, Sox2, POU5F1 and c-Myc, eliminating the need for virus introduction, thereby addressing a safety concern for potential use of iPS cells in regenerative medicine.
Description: Lin28 Antibody: Lin28 is a transcription factor that was first identified through its key role in the pathway of developmental timing in C. elegans. The role of Lin28 in development suggested that it might be useful in the creation of stem cells that might be beneficial in cell replacement therapies in the treatment of several degenerative diseases. Artificial stem cells, termed induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, can be created by expressing Lin28 in addition to the transcription factors POU5F1, Sox2, and NANOG in mouse fibroblasts. More recently, experiments have demonstrated that iPS cells could be generated using expression plasmids expressing Lin28, Sox2, POU5F1 and c-Myc, eliminating the need for virus introduction, thereby addressing a safety concern for potential use of iPS cells in regenerative medicine.
Description: Acts as a 'translational enhancer', driving specific mRNAs to polysomes and thus increasing the efficiency of protein synthesis. Its association with the translational machinery and target mRNAs results in an increased number of initiation events per molecule of mRNA and, indirectly, in stabilizing the mRNAs. Binds IGF2 mRNA, MYOD1 mRNA, ARBP/36B4 ribosomal protein mRNA and its own mRNA. Essential for skeletal muscle differentiation program through the translational up-regulation of IGF2 expression (By similarity). Acts as a suppressor of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis by specifically binding the precursor let-7 (pre-let-7), a miRNA precursor. Acts by binding pre-let-7 and recruiting ZCCHC11/TUT4 uridylyltransferase, leading to the terminal uridylation of pre-let-7. Uridylated pre-let-7 miRNAs fail to be processed by Dicer and undergo degradation. Degradation of pre-let-7 in embryonic stem (ES) cells contributes to the maintenance of ES cells. In contrast, LIN28A down-regulation in neural stem cells by miR-125, allows the processing of pre-let-7. Specifically recognizes the 5'-GGAG-3' motif in the terminal loop of pre-let-7. Also recognizes and binds non pre-let-7 pre-miRNAs that contain the 5'-GGAG-3' motif in the terminal loop, leading to their terminal uridylation and subsequent degradation.
Description: Acts as a 'translational enhancer', driving specific mRNAs to polysomes and thus increasing the efficiency of protein synthesis. Its association with the translational machinery and target mRNAs results in an increased number of initiation events per molecule of mRNA and, indirectly, in stabilizing the mRNAs. Binds IGF2 mRNA, MYOD1 mRNA, ARBP/36B4 ribosomal protein mRNA and its own mRNA. Essential for skeletal muscle differentiation program through the translational up-regulation of IGF2 expression (By similarity). Acts as a suppressor of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis by specifically binding the precursor let-7 (pre-let-7), a miRNA precursor. Acts by binding pre-let-7 and recruiting ZCCHC11/TUT4 uridylyltransferase, leading to the terminal uridylation of pre-let-7. Uridylated pre-let-7 miRNAs fail to be processed by Dicer and undergo degradation. Degradation of pre-let-7 in embryonic stem (ES) cells contributes to the maintenance of ES cells. In contrast, LIN28A down-regulation in neural stem cells by miR-125, allows the processing of pre-let-7. Specifically recognizes the 5'-GGAG-3' motif in the terminal loop of pre-let-7. Also recognizes and binds non pre-let-7 pre-miRNAs that contain the 5'-GGAG-3' motif in the terminal loop, leading to their terminal uridylation and subsequent degradation.
Description: Lin28 Monoclonal Antibody: Lin28 is a transcription factor that was first identified through its key role in the pathway of developmental timing in C. elegans. The role of Lin28 in development suggested that it might be useful in the creation of stem cells that might be beneficial in cell replacement therapies in the treatment of several degenerative diseases. Artificial stem cells, termed induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, can be created by expressing Lin28 in addition to the transcription factors POU5F1, Sox2, and NANOG in mouse fibroblasts. More recently, experiments have demonstrated that iPS cells could be generated using expression plasmids expressing Lin28, Sox2, POU5F1 and c-Myc, eliminating the need for virus introduction, thereby addressing a safety concern for potential use of iPS cells in regenerative medicine.
Description: Lin28 Monoclonal Antibody: Lin28 is a transcription factor that was first identified through its key role in the pathway of developmental timing in C. elegans. The role of Lin28 in development suggested that it might be useful in the creation of stem cells that might be beneficial in cell replacement therapies in the treatment of several degenerative diseases. Artificial stem cells, termed induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, can be created by expressing Lin28 in addition to the transcription factors POU5F1, Sox2, and NANOG in mouse fibroblasts. More recently, experiments have demonstrated that iPS cells could be generated using expression plasmids expressing Lin28, Sox2, POU5F1 and c-Myc, eliminating the need for virus introduction, thereby addressing a safety concern for potential use of iPS cells in regenerative medicine.
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human Lin28 . This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human LIN28 . This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:
Description: A Monoclonal antibody against Human LIN28. The antibodies are raised in Mouse and are from clone 6D1F9. This antibody is applicable in WB, ICC, E
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human LIN28A / LIN28 (C-Terminus). This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:
Description: A Monoclonal antibody against Human Lin28 [1G9H9] . The antibodies are raised in Mouse and are from clone 1G9H9. This antibody is applicable in WB, E
Description: A polyclonal antibody against LIN37. Recognizes LIN37 from Human. This antibody is FITC conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Description: A polyclonal antibody against LIN28B. Recognizes LIN28B from Human. This antibody is FITC conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Description: A polyclonal antibody against LIN28A. Recognizes LIN28A from Human. This antibody is FITC conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Description: A polyclonal antibody against LIN9. Recognizes LIN9 from Human. This antibody is FITC conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
In this process, the expression of cardiac troponin in the treated cells was significantly increased and the migration of cells to the wound area to be treated is significantly improved.
